Thailand (Siam) is the world's 50th largest country and the 22nd most populous. It is located in Southeast Asia, bordered by Myanmar (Burma) to the north, Laos and Cambodia to the east, and Malaysia to the south. Thailand was founded in the 13th century by Thai chieftains who overthrew the Khmer (Cambodia) and established a capital city in Sukhothai. The Ayutthaya kingdom became the capital in 1350 and later moved it to Bangkok in 1782. Thailand has never been colonized by any European nations, including France or England, which predominantly colonized Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Hong Kong, due in part to its location, adaptation, negotiation, and modernization. The population of Thailand is approximately 71.8 million (2023), and most live and work in Bangkok. The landmass of Thailand is about 198,115 square miles, a size smaller than Texas. Bangkok is the most visited city in the world, with 22 million visitors in 2023, and people continue to visit today because of its diverse landscapes, stunning beaches, temples, mountains, people, and culture. Many come just for inexpensive food; it is a major hub for those who want to visit Thailand's neighboring countries. Thailand means "Land of the Free" and is known as "the Land of Smiles" because of its friendly and welcoming people. They are polite, respectful, and approachable. Thailand is not considered a "Third World country." It is classified as a developing country, indicating a balance between the wealthy and the underprivileged. When you visit Thailand, you will see the contrast. Thailand has no welfare system; the government provides 700 baht to the disabled and offers old-age retirement benefits for those without a retirement income, such as government employees and workers in major corporations. Many are self-employed merchants. Day laborers receive approximately 350–500 baht a day. Inflation is considered high for Thais; for example, a tray of eggs (36 eggs) costs 150 baht, and gas is 36 baht per liter, or about 136 baht per gallon ($3.92). I asked my cousin if he could fill up the tank; he responded, "No." He could only afford 500 baht at a time, which would be his day and a half's worth of work. Thai is the official language in Thailand. In major cities and tourist destinations, employees and business owners speak English. If you're traveling outside Bangkok, Pattaya, Hua Hin, Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Kanchanaburi, Ayutthaya, Chonburi, or Pattaya, English becomes less prevalent. I would recommend downloading a translation app to help navigate your way to your destinations and desired outcomes. Learning simple phrases like "Hello" ("Sawadee" - sa-wad-dee) and "Thank you" ("Khob Khun") Ka (for females) or Krab (for males) will go a long way.